Tortures in law enforcement structures of the Republic of Tajikistan

Introduction ?Eradication of torture is the deed of conscience of everyone and each person. Pain and suffering of each separate victim surmount the political, religious and cultural barriers, and therefore we, all of us, are obliged to put efforts and aspire to the one common purpose ? to human World whereat there is no place for torture?. (ICRVT, 1) The issues related to human rights have become the main component of everyday activity of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. During the independence years Tajikistan has ratified the significant number of international agreements, pacts and other legal documents in the area of human rights, thus being taken commitments to develop and protect various human rights and freedoms. As human rights are inalienable, all people without any exclusions posses and use them. Alongside with that sometimes there may appear a desire to deprive this or that group of people of their rights completely or partially. There is a viewpoint that a person who committed a crime or charged for a crime, he ignored the rights and freedoms of victims and thus deprived himself of all his rights and we can behave in the same way towards him. But let us not forget that if we shall deprive some certain groups of their rights and freedoms and subject them to tortures, by that we threaten after all our humaneness and violate hundreds-years established principles and norms of humanism. The torture is one of the violations of human rights which today the international community and human rights advocates all around the globe are most anxious of. What is it torture? One of the best definitions of torture is that written in Convention against torture (CAT) which runs as follows: ?Torture means any action in which to any person it is caused intentionally physical or mental pain or suffering for obtaining from him or the third person information or acknowledgment (avowal), to punish him or the third person for action(s) he did, and also to frighten or force him or the third person, or, by any other reason which is based upon discrimination of any form, when such pain or suffering inflicted by a state official or other person who is acting as an official character or by their solicitation or with their knowledge or tacit consent. (Jiffar, 6)? The torture is used as kind of punishment with the purpose of obtaining information or to force detained person to give testimony against him or to give avowal of guilt. And yet, the torture is used for frightening of detainees, for keeping them in a state of shock and in inaction. The main aim of torture is infliction of maximal possible physical and mental pain, however debarring death, and thereby to make detainee to give in.

Letter Essays - Run, 9, Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

Letter Essays - Run, 9, Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers Letter October 16, 2000 Mrs. Jensen 319 Bibb Graves Jacksonville, AL 362265 Dear Mrs. Jensen I attended Rome High School of Rome, Ga. Rome High School is about forty-five minutes from Jacksonville. Just head towards Piedmont, Al and then drive straight to Cedartown, Ga. The road signs will lead you there. My major is going to be Criminal Justice. I look forward to becoming a K-9 police officer. I chose JSU because I had a pole-vaulting contract and I also want to be on the number one drum line of the nation. I havent started either yet so I assume you could just call me another broke student running around having fun. There are many things I like about JSU. There are defiantly plenty of parties, not that I go or anything. Mainly I like the band. The band is the main reason that I came. At my high school I was a drummer. My high school band practically lives at JSU. JSU has the number one drum line in the nation, so from a drummers perspective where better to march for. The other reason I came to JSU you is to be close enough to home so I can go see my girlfriend every weekend. I really like this campus, everyone is very friendly and it isnt hard to find all of your classes. There isnt really any thing I dont like about JSU. It is a great college. I guess if I had to say there was something I would like, it would be the classes. College should just be a place that you go and live and hangout with people for a year. That way classes could be optional. Things I like and dislike about computers: I love using the Internet. I dislike slow computers. I dislike when you cant load something. I dislike not understanding why a computer does something. I like using computers to type (my handwriting is awful) I dont like loosing programs or papers And on Gateway computers I like the Go Back Program I like you class very much but I dont feel like I need to be there for anything except for the tests and when you give out homework assignments. I missed a few of you classes last week and I want to apologize. My car had broken down when I was at home so I was stranded for three days. Sincerely, Nick Steketee

Capital accumulation Essay Example for Free

Capital accumulation Essay Nucleon should focus on contracting manufacturing for phases I and II and then for phase III focus on vertical integration of production to create greater economic value, therefore gaining and sustaining competitive advantage and producing the largest NPV. By contracting manufacturing, Nucleon will be able to focus on core competencies with no capital investments. Also, by vertical integration Nucleon gains sources of competitive advantage. Contracting manufacturing focuses on core competencies. Nucleon will have facilities and personnel in place to implement phases I and II, require no capital investments (reducing up front costs: Table 1), and therefore able to focus on clinical trials. As Hurt’s commented, â€Å"It’s important for us to get our products into the clinic before others do.† Vertically integrating increase NPV by 2002 and gains competitive advantage. Nucleon has high threats of opportunism due to uncertainty and complexity. There are over 200 other firms and Nucleon needs to obtain competitive advantage and then sustain this advantage. By integrating, Nucleon has good possibilities of raising funds, producing other products, and raising a larger income. Vertical integration provides a larger potential income for Nucleon in phase III based on NPV (refer to Table 1), while contracting manufacturing for phases I and II provide Nucleon with ability to focus on core competencies and thus producing the largest NPV by 2002 of approximately $20M. Performed well even in the recession. CEO believed that you need to have an effective strategy and right people to execute the strategy. The company has been able to gain competitive advantage, but can they sustain this advantage? Distinguishes us from other players in the M&A field, it’s that we stay in touch with the companies. 2001-Present Danaher focused on allocating decisions on the basis of return on invested capital (ROIC) Capital accumulation. (2016, May 30).

Look at the Assignment Criteria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Look at the Assignment Criteria - Essay Example The philosophies and principles that form the basis of Islamic banking have been detailed in the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad. Islamic banking is seen as the revival of Islam. This is also taken as an expression of the Muslims to live on the principles of Islam. In Malaysia, there is a separate legislation governing the Islamic banks and these co-exist with the traditional banks. The Islamic Banking Act of 1983 vested the powers in the BNM to ensure that the Islamic banks worked under regulation. Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) was the first Islamic bank to be established in 1983 and they adhere to the principles as stated in the sharia. (PKUKM, n.d.). By 1992 BIMB spread out all over the country. Very soon it developed a network of 80 branches with 1200 people working in them. Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad (BMMB), the second Islamic bank, came into existence following the merger of Bank Bumiputra Malaysia Berhad (BBMB) with Bank of Commerce (Malaysia) Berhad (BOCB ). The Islamic banking system can be viable if it fulfills there vital requirements. The number of players in the banking system should be large; they should offer a wide range of financial and banking instruments. Besides, there should be an active Islamic money market (PKUKM, n.d.). In addition, the Islamic banking system should have the characteristics of Islam and work under those principles. BNM played the lead role in disseminating Islamic banking at the national level so that it could reach all Malaysians. The commercial banks too were encouraged to promote Islamic banking products and services from their existing infra structure and branches. This increased the number of institutions that offered Islamic banking products and services within the shortest time and minimum costs. Under the scheme known as "Skim Perbankan Tanpa Faedah" BNM further enhanced the promotion of Islamic banking. The Islamic banks or the

Organizational behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational behavior - Research Paper Example rence to the values regarding the management of the organization and embacing the spirit of mutual trust and respect among all levels of employees will set the foundation for employee hapiness (Rook, pg. 254). This will come through constant communication to the leaders on the importance of uphelding the values of the organization. Good job design and work content will ease operations and reduce job stress leading to greater appreciation. Proper staffing by adopting excellent recruitment methods will assist in having the right people for the various jobs resulting to reduced ineficiencies that prevents excessive supervision. Good work relationships ensure low chances of conflicts between workers. All theses steps will amount to employee satisfaction leading to happy business environment free from conflict and characterized by greater co-ordination. Fair evaluation of performance refers to a systematic approach used in assessing the performance of employees in an organization (Rynes, Gerhart and Parks 571). This considers important factors such as employee level of education, training and experience. A fairly, conducted evaluation exercise uphelds the principle of equity by treating all employees equally and appropriately targeting the specific attributes desired and within the goals and objectives of the organization. Every organization that aims at ensuring high motivation in its employees provides rewards and compensation depending on the level of performance of the individual employees. A fair evaluation system enables the company to identify the right individuals performing well and pushing the organization’s agenda (Rynes, Gerhart and Parks 571). If the compensation goes to the right persons then this will improve the morale leading to increased innovation and productivity. A poor evaluation system will not identify the right persons and this will demoralize the hardworking employees causing poor performance. With an unfair evaluation system, it is

Population in India Essay Example for Free

Population in India Essay India is an extremely large country which is sometimes referred to as a subcontinent. The enormity of the population of India has been of great apprehension and concern since the 1940s. There are many reasons for this serious dilemma in India, however, many initiatives have been implemented to resolve the crisis. In the following essay I will investigate and discuss the situation.  Firstly, a significant cause of overpopulation in India is the massive death toll. In one year in India, 5 million children die and approximately half the total deaths every year are of infants under five. This horrific reality is due to disease, malnutrition and diarrhoea. Dysentery is caused by bad diets and unfit drinking water, resulting in the loss and reduction of fluid needed in the body and consequent dehydration. A large majority of children die from acute cases of diarrhoea, despite the fact that there is an injection to cure it which costs 1p. Demise because of this relatively curable illness must cease. In addition, another widespread fatal disease is T.B. which numerous children die of. The disease occurs in the lungs and consists of the sufferer loosing blood through coughing. Moreover, a major reason for the high numbers of infant mortality in India is not simply sickness of the child, but of the pregnant mother as well. If the parent is unhealthy, it is very probable that the child they produce will also have contracted illness. The monthly increase in population is 1 million. This overwhelming figure is because large families are needed to work on farms and in other jobs. However, the Indians have more offspring than they actually want or need because they realise some may not live long and ,therefore, wont have the skills to assist and help in the fields. For example, a couple may want 6 children but have 8 for good measure and in case some die. This only resolution to this problem is to reduce the death of children so that parents can feel positive that their children will not die. Subsequently to having more children than needed, many do not die as expected, accordingly, the population increases. In the 1950s the Indian population was a mere 350 million, since then, it has increased to 750 million. The population in India is so immense that for every 1 person in UK there are 12 people in India! Furthermore, another cause of the high population is the requirement of more children as labourers in the country than in the town. There are larger families in the country, because, with more people to help an increased yield is produced, ensuring a larger income, prosperity and affluence. However, if a family has less children, labourers have to be hired which costs money and therefore a reduced surplus. 300 million people dont have an education or enough to eat in India. In the countryside every man woman and child works and all the jobs are manual, because suitable and affordable implements have not yet been introduced. Because of this, boys are seen as more useful than girls because they can partake in the heavy labour. If a family does not get a boy the first time, they have more children until they get one. When a marriage happens the girl goes and lives with her in-laws which provide extra help in the fields. The more sons a family has the more successful it will be. There are also a wide variety of differences between the country and town environment. In the Indian countryside, children are a vital requirement, whereas, in towns children are not needed to do manual labour so the families are smaller. Besides this, in towns medicinal cures are available so fewer children die and parents have an improved chance of keeping themselves and their children healthy. There is a higher infant mortality in the countryside because cures are not available, although, larger families mean more money. If a family has a son they very often move to the cities and send the money they earn to their families in the country. In the city it is harder to afford so many children because food has to be purchased unlike in the countryside. There is however a much decreased infant mortality in the city as a result of accessible remedies. Ghandhigram is a charity established to help children and young mothers in the countryside. 75% of Indias population live in the countryside, where the health service is basically nonexistent. Ghandigram has presented the solution of looking after and concentrating on the health of very young children. A dramatic improvement has been seen already and the situation of children is gradually recovering. As well as health in the countryside, the organisation is also persuading many more mothers to send their children to school. Children are being educated with the incentive of free school meals provided. As a result of this a large proportion of the future generation will be healthy and educated, consequently, good jobs will be obtainable to them. In the villages where the scheme is operating feedback is very positive and Ghandhigram will hopefully create further alterations and enhanced conditions.

Gene Therapy :: essays research papers

In the world today, medicine brings together science, faith, and values most clearly in its complexity and necessity. An example would include homosexuality. Science has developed over the years and is now starting to manipulate the human mind, body and spirit. Scientists that are now working with DNA and gene therapy have identified the genes for homosexuality and have also discovered a way to eliminate it from fetuses by altering genes before birth so that homosexuality can be eradicated from humans eventually and permanently. Many different religions see homosexuality as a sin, psychologists see it as abnormal behavior and many governments have declared it illegal and punishable. I myself do not believe in changing the human genes to eradicate a sexual preference. I would not advocate this procedure for members of my family or friends who are having babies, and/or for a society as a whole. There are many reasons as to why I do not agree to the procedure of gene therapy eradicating homosexuality from humans eventually and permanently. One reason that I do not agree with the procedure is because I believe it would eliminate the freedom of sexual preference throughout our society. As Thomas Jefferson stated in "The Declaration of Independence," "We hold these truths to be self- evident: that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"(314). If we are told that we have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, then we should have the right to live with the homosexuality gene and have the right to sexual preference. No one should have to give up that freedom. A freedom that homosexuals would most likely consider a source of happiness. Homosexuals are happy with their sexual preference and should not be condemned fo r it. Sexual preference is not showing good or evil. It is a way of life. Another reason is that by finding a gene for homosexuality and eliminating it from fetuses and from humans is a way of tampering with nature. I believe that if the gene was put in a human, it was put there for a reason. God and nature placed it there. By taking the gene out you are changing life from the way God made it. I think that this is morally wrong.